Sunday, 16 October 2022

How Douglass's Speech Reflects on the United States of Today (by Maria K., Inês L. and Andreia)


'What to the Slave is the Fourth of July' is a speech by Frederick Douglass, born in 1818. He lived a slave until 1838, when he escaped.
The main point of this speech is that, while white Americans celebrate freedom in the 4th of July, black Americans- more specifically, the slaves- do not know such freedom and are the victims of barbaric oppression.
Though nowadays slavery no longer legally exists, this system of oppression is still affecting the black people of the United States (and of the world). For this reason, we consider many arguments used in this speech to be extremely relevant in the present times. Our presentation consists mainly on establishing a parallel between what was said in this speech and the reality of today’s America.

In his speech, Douglass separates himself from his audience and from the nation by using “you” whenever referring to them. He makes it very clear that he doesn’t consider himself to be included.

Daveed Diggs, an African-american rapper and actor who played the role of Thomas Jefferson in the musical Hamilton, said the following: “[the show 'Hamilton'] gives us a sense of ownership over a country we have often felt excluded from”

On the Fourth of July, when the free, white Americans celebrated freedom, slaves were made particularly aware of the fact that they were not, in fact, free. This free America excluded them. Today, black people, conscious of their heritage and aware of the way America treats black people, still find it difficult to feel included in its History.

“To say now that America was right and England was wrong is exceedingly easy. Everybody can say it. The dastard, not less than the noble brave, can flippantly discant on the tyranny of England towards the American Colonies. It is fashionable to do so. But there was a time when to pronounce against England and in favor of the cause of the colonies tried men’s souls. They who did so were accounted in their day plotters of mischief, agitators and rebels, dangerous men.”- Douglass

Colin Kaepernic, an NFL player, chose to kneel down and stay silent during the national anthem preceding a match, in protest of the way black Americans are treated. Donald Trump had this to say about his protests: “I have followed it and I think it’s personally not a good thing. I think it’s a terrible thing, and you know, maybe he should find a country that works better for him. Let him try – it won’t happen.”

Those who stand up against oppression are labelled "dangerous men". Those who fought for the American freedom were considered rebels. Abolitionists were considered rebels. Today, some think racism no longer exists. However, when one person decides to do something as simple as sit down during the National Anthem to protest against the death of innocent black people, he is considered a traitor of his own country. This goes to show that not much has changed.




“But I fancy I hear someone of my audience say, it is just in this circumstance that you and your brother abolitionists fail to make a favorable impression on the public mind. Would you argue more and denounce less, would you persuade more and rebuke less, your cause would be much more likely to succeed.”- Douglass

“When a system itself has dismissed human rights, such a structure is deserving of disruption. A society, which continually condones the murders of innocent men and women, cannot be accepted and excused for its wrongdoings (…). When America is more outraged by the protesters who stop traffic than by the deaths of unarmed black men and women, we’ve got a bigger problem on our hands.”-  Rini Sampath, Why Tone Policing Protests Isn’t Helping America, Huffingpost

Tone policing essentially means to tell someone else that their way of protesting or complaining is wrong. Oppressed groups are often accused of taking things out of proportion, and that is the case with Black Live Matters protesters.



“What is this but the acknowledgment that the slave is a moral, intellectual and responsible being? The manhood of the slave is conceded. It is admitted in the fact that Southern statute books are covered with enactments forbidding, under severe fines and penalties, the teaching of the slave to read or to write.”- Douglass

“To say black people have made progress would be to say that they deserve what happened to them before. So, to say Obama is progress is saying that he’s the first black person that’s qualified to be president. That’s not black progress. That’s white progress. There’s been black people qualified to be president for hundreds of years.”- Chris Rock

The points being made by Douglass and Chris Rock are very similar. Throughout history, it has been common for black people to be left out of certain opportunities with the excuse that, for some reason, they would not be as able as white people. However, Douglass’s argument exposes how contradictory this is: black people were in fact less able to do certain things, but only because they weren’t allowed to have a proper education. Chris Rock says something similar: he explains that it wasn’t because black people were more able now that Obama became president, but because white people became more acceptant of the possibility of a black president.


These are some of the many similarities we found between Douglass’s speech and today’s America. It helped us understand that, although America has changed drastically, as well as the situation of black Americans, since this speech was conceded, racism and oppression still plague the country, even if it has taken different forms.

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